基于AMSR-2微波遥感数据的北极海冰面积时空变化

Spatio-temporal Variation of Arctic Sea Ice Area Based on AMSR-2 Microwave Remote Sensing Data

【目的】分析北极海冰时空变化特征,并对其影响因素进行机理研究。【方法】利用不莱梅大学物理研究所提供的基于AMSR-2微波遥感数据ASI(ARTIST-Sea-Ice)海冰密集度(Sea-Ice-Concentration,SIC)数据,分析2013-2019年北极海冰覆盖面积及变化趋势,比较ASI海冰密集度数据与同期美国国家冰雪中心的MASAM2密集度数据对北极海冰面积计算的差异性;利用经验正交函数分析(EOF)方法,对北极海冰密集度的前三个时空模态进行探究;并结合海冰面积的时空变化特征,对气温、海表温度及下行长波辐射进行相关性分析。【结果与结论】在时间尺度上,从2013-2019年,北极海冰密集度呈加速减少趋势,年均北极海冰覆盖面积从9.23×10^(6) km^(2)下降至8.51×10^(6) km^(2),年均下降率达1.34%。在空间尺度上,北极中央冰区的海冰覆盖范围总体缩小,在白令海、格陵兰岛西侧巴芬湾、亚欧大陆北部喀拉海等边缘海域海冰面积均呈现快速减少的变化趋势。

【Objective】To analyze the time and space characteristics of Arctic sea ice,and explore the factors influencing the mechanism of its influencing factors is explored.【Method】The AMSR-2 microwave remote sensing data of ARTIST-Sea-Ice(ASI)high spatial Resolution sea-ice concentration(SIC)produced by the Institute of Physics of the University of Bremen and the MASAM2 concentration produced by the National Snow and Ice Data Center(NSIDC)were used to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of Arctic Sea ice area and its regional characteristics and the differences between ASI data set and Masam2 data set.The empirical orthogonal function analysis(EOF)method was used to explore the first three spatio-temporal modes of Arctic sea ice concentration;Combining with the temporal and spatial characteristics of sea ice area,the correlation analysis of air temperature,sea surface temperature and downward long-wave radiation was carried out.【Result and Conclusion】Based on the ASI data set,on the time scale,from 2013 to 2019,the SIC of Arctic Sea ice showed a rapid decreasing trend,and the average annual coverage area of Arctic Sea ice decreased from 9.23×10^(6) km^(2) to 8.5×10^(6) km^(2),with an average annual decrease rate of 1.34%.On the spatial scale,the sea ice coverage in the central ice region of the Arctic is generally reduced,and the sea ice area in the Bering Sea,Baffin Bay west of Greenland and Kara Sea in the north of the Eurasian continent shows a fast decreasing trend.