木本植物PAL基因的研究进展

Research Progress of PAL in Woody Plant

苯丙烷代谢途径是一个重要的次生代谢途径的分支,同时也是植物经过长时间进化与适应得来的生长发育过程中所必需的代谢路径。其中,苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,PAL)是控制苯丙烷代谢途径生物合成去向的首个酶。它由一个小的多基因家族编码,广泛参与植物的生理活动,被称为初生代谢与次生代谢之间的“代谢枢纽”。PAL能够直接或间接控制合成一些含苯丙烷骨架的物质,如木质素、绿原酸、花青素、原花青素、芦丁等。此外,由于PAL与木本植物的生长发育和抗逆等方面息息相关,所以它既可以直接影响果树的抗性、适应能力、果实品质等特性,也能间接地对树木材性产生影响。与此同时,PAL作为胞内诱导酶,可通过物理、化学、生物因素来诱导其特异性表达,在育种行业中进行品种改良、在造纸工业中完成纸质改良等应用。因此,了解和研究木本植物PAL的功能及作用意义重大。本文从木本植物的PAL研究进展角度进行综述,包括其表达特异性,在生长发育中的作用以及在材性和抗逆防御方面的应用。希望能以此进一步探究PAL在植物生理方面的重要意义,为未来与木本植物PAL基因功能的相关研究提供 更多的理论依据,以期在未来的相关基因技术方面,提供一些可行的建议与帮助,在林业和造纸行业中木材改良方面有更多的应用。

Phenylpropane metabolic pathway is not only an important branch of secondary metabolic pathway,but also a necessary metabolic pathway for plant growth and development after long-term evolution and adaptation.Among them,phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL)is the first enzyme to control the biosynthesis of phenylpropane metabolic pathway.It is encoded by a small polygenic family and widely participates in plant physiological activities.It is known as the“metabolic hub”between primary metabolism and secondary metabolism.PAL can directly or indirectly control the synthesis of some substances containing phenylpropane skeleton,such as lignin,chlorogenic acid,anthocyanin,procyanidin,rutin,etc.In addition,because PAL is closely related to the growth,development and stress resistance of woody plants,it can directly affect the resistance,adaptability and fruit quality of fruit trees,and indirectly affect the wood properties of trees.At the same time,as an intracellular inducible enzyme,PAL can induce its specific expression through physical,chemical and biological factors,and can be used for variety improvement in breeding industry and paper improvement in papermaking industry.Therefore,it is of great significance to understand and study the function and function of woody plant PAL gene.This paper reviews the research progress of PAL in woody plants,including its expression specificity,its role in growth and development,and its application in wood properties and stress resistance.It is hoped to further explore the significance of PAL in plant physiology,provide more theoretical basis for the future research on the function of PAL gene in woody plants,and provide some feasible suggestions and help in the future related gene technology,so as to have more applications in wood improvement in forestry and paper industry.