不同播期和播种量对冬小麦生长特征和产量的影响

Effects of Different Sowing Dates and Seeding Rates on the Growth Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat

为研究播期和播种量对冬小麦生长和产量的影响,设置3个播期和3个播种量,研究小麦干物质积累转运、叶面积和群体光能截获以及产量的变化特征。结果表明,随播期的推迟,干物质积累量降低,每推迟1个播期,干物质积累降低0.13-0.37t/hm^(2),花前干物质转运量随播期的推迟呈降低趋势,随播种量增加而增加。花后光合同化物积累量则随播期的推迟呈先升高后降低的趋势,随播种量的增加逐渐降低。光能利用率随播期推迟和播种量增加均呈先增加后减小的趋势。在10月4日播种,播种量160kg/hm^(2)时,花后干物质同化物较多,光能利用率达到最大值,2年平均产量达到最大值,为8257.84kg/hm^(2),是适合当地的播期和播种量种植组合。

In order to study the effects of sowing date and seeding rate on the growth and yield of winter wheat,three sowing dates and three seeding rates were set up to study the characteristics of wheat dry matter accumulation and transportation,leaf area and population light energy interception,and yield changes.The results showed that the dry matter accumulation decreased with the passage of the sowing dates,and the dry matter accumulation decreased by 0.13-0.37t/ha for each delay of the sowing date.The dry matter transport amount before anthesis decreased with the delay of the sowing date,and increased with seeding rate increasing.After blooming,the accumulation of light-contracted compounds first increased and then decreased with the postponement of the sowing date,and gradually decreased with the increase of seeding rate.With the sowing date postponement and seeding rate increase,light energy utilization rate increased first and then decreased.The combination of sowing on October 4th and 160kg/ha seeding rate could achieve the maximum of photoassimilate after flowering,light energy interception and utilization,and the two years average yield (8257.84kg/ha),which was a better combination planting mode of sowing date and seeding rate.