51例麻风患者临床及皮肤病理分析

Clinical and dermatologic analysis of 51 patients with leprosy

回顾性分析2013年1月至2020年6月我科收治的51例麻风患者临床资料,其中男34例,女17例;35例首诊考虑麻风,16例误诊。皮损主要位于面颈部、躯干、四肢,表现为弥漫性浸润性斑片、斑块,其中伴眉毛脱落(21例)、尺神经粗大(1例)、感觉异常(13例)、畸形(1例),皮疹处瘙痒(2例)。临床分型:结核样型(TT)2例、界线类偏结核样型(BT)2例、中间界线类(BB)2例、界线类偏瘤型(BL)10例、瘤型(LL)34例、未定类麻风(I)1例。I型麻风反应5例(9.8%)、II型麻风反应12例(23.52%)。组织病理示表皮萎缩、变薄33例(64.70%)、有无浸润带30例(58.82%),病变累及真皮全层8例(15.60%);抗酸染色(Wade-Fite染色)阳性率49例(96%)。

The data of 51 cases with leprosy from January 2013 to June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.Of 51 cases,34 were male and 17 were female,35 were diagnosed as leprosy and 16 were misdiagnosed.The lesions mainly located on the face,neck,trunk and limbs,21 patients had loss of eyebrow,1 had thickened ulnar nerves,13 had paraesthesia,1 had malformations,2 had itch of lesions.About 5 clinical subtypes of leprosy,the manifestations belonged to TT,BT,BB,BL,LL,in 2,2,2,10,34 patients respectively and the type of manifestations were indeterminate in 1 patient.The lesions pathological results showed epidermal atrophy in 33 patients(64.70%)and grenz zone in 30(58.82%),involved the whole dermis in 8 patients(15.60%),the positivity rate of acid fast staining of Mycobacterium leprae was 96%.