特岗教师职业幸福感现状调查与提升策略

Investigation and Improvement Strategies of Occupational Well-being of Special Post Teachers

“特岗计划”实施15年来对我国农村教育发展起到了重要的促进作用。特岗教师职业幸福感是审视“特岗计划”实施成效的重要维度,不仅影响乡村教师队伍的建设,也影响公平而有质量教育的实现。对全国31个省份特岗教师进行调查后,从健康幸福感、认知幸福感、主观幸福感和社会幸福感4个维度,深入剖析了特岗教师职业幸福感现状,同时,也从性别、年龄、学历等人口统计学变量以及区域、乡县、学校文化等因素,对特岗教师职业幸福感进行了差异性分析。回归分析结果显示,个体层面、工作环境、社会环境、专业发展等因素对特岗教师职业幸福感有显著影响。为此,可以从扩大理解与支持范围、营造良好的社会环境,把握服务地特点、推动差异性补偿政策落实,建立与完善科学、动态的特岗教师管理系统,发挥人才优势、提供多种发展途径与支持渠道等不同方面,采取有针对性与差异性的提升策略。

In the 15-year implementation,the"Special Post Plan"has played an important role in promoting the development of rural education.The occupational well-being of special post teachers is an important dimension for examining the effectiveness of the"Special Post Plan"policy.It affects not only the construction of the team of rural teachers,but also the realization of fair and quality education.Based on the survey of special post teachers from 31 provinces of China,the current situation of special post teachers’occupational well-being has been deeply analyzed from the four dimensions of physical and mental health well-being,cognitive well-being,subjective well-being and social well-being.At the same time,it also analyzes their differences in terms of demographic variables such as gender,age,educational background,and location factors such as region,township,and school culture.The results of regression analysis suggest that factors such as individual level,working environment,social environment,and professional development have a significant impact on the occupational well-being of special post teachers.Therefore,we should adopt some targeted and differentiated improvement strategies from different levels,such as expanding the scope of understanding and support,creating a good social environment,grasping the characteristics of service areas,promoting the implementation of differential compensation policies,establishing and improving a scientific and dynamic special post teacher management system,giving full play to the advantages of talents,and providing a variety of development pathways and support channels.