冰雪环境双车道公路弯道车速特征及预测模型

Speed Characteristics and Prediction Model in Horizontal Curves of Two-lane Highway Under Ice-snow Condition

冰雪环境下弯道路段的驾驶风险较高,为研究驾驶人在冰雪环境下弯道路段的车速特征,搭建了农村双车道公路仿真场景,其中道路线型共设5组不同半径的平曲线,与晴天、雨天、雪天、结冰4类天气及相应的路面附着系数构成多组驾驶场景。选取32名驾驶人作为实验对象,借助8自由度驾驶模拟器进行驾驶模拟实验。结果表明:弯道行驶车速随半径、附着系数增大而增加,而与转向无明显相关性;弯道内车速通常存在加速段与减速段;冰雪天气下的车速明显低于设计车速与晴雨天气车速。基于递推计算构建了平曲线路段的车速预测模型,误差和相关性分析表明,本模型具有一定适用性。

The driving risk of curve section is high in ice and snow environment.To study the speed characteristics of drivers on curves under this condition,a simulated scenario of rural two-lane highway was built,5 different horizontal curves and 4 weather conditions include dry,rain,snow,ice with corresponding coefficients of road adhesion constituted several segments of the scenario.32 drivers were selected as the participants,and a driving simulator with 8 degrees of freedom was employed to conduct the experiment.Experimental results show that with the increase of the radius and the coefficient of road adhesion,the driver would choose a higher turning speed,however,there was no significant correlation between speed and driving direction.Acceleration and deceleration periods within curve sections can be observed in most turnings,and the speed in snow and ice is significantly lower than the design speed and that in rain or sunny weather.A speed prediction model in curve section was developed by using recursive calculations,error and correlation analysis showed that the model has certain applicability.