侵害知识产权中返还侵权获利救济的定位及适用

Positioning and Application of Profit Relief in Returning Infringement of Intellectual Property Rights

完全赔偿原则及“差额说”是侵权损害赔偿所遵循的基本原则。然而在适用返还侵权获利的知识产权侵权救济时,是否应当证明侵权人的侵权获利与权利人实际损失之间的因果关系,返还侵权获利的适用及其金额是否应当受权利人实际损失的限制,成为了理论上及实践中有待回答的问题。通过比较法考察,以及对我国知识产权侵权获利救济方式的立法史和现行立法进行考察、分析可以发现,我国知识产权法中的返还侵权获利宜作为独立的请求权。而无论是将返还侵权获利视为抽象的损失测算方式亦或是将返还侵权获利视为独立的救济方式,其在适用时均不应受限于权利人所受的实际损失,而应关注于侵权人因对他人知识产权的侵害而获得的利润份额。

The principle of full compensation and difference hypothesis are the basic principles followed in compensation for damages of tort law.However,in the case of account of profits as remedy for intellectual property infringement,it is to be answered both in theory and practice whether the causality between infringer’s profits by infringement and the actual damage of right holder should be proved,as well as whether the application of account of profits and its amount should be restricted by the actual damage of right holder.By the investigation to comparative law and the history of account of profits as infringement remedy in China's intellectual property legislation,it can be concluded that the account of profits in China’s intellectual property legislation should be an independent claim.Regardless of foundation of profits recovery,both in the legislative paradigm that regards the account of profits as an abstract measurement method of damage and in the legislative paradigm that regards the account of profits as an independent remedy,the account of profits should not be limited to the actual damage suffered by the right holder,but only focus on the infringer's profits derived from the infringement.