法国职务发明报酬制度研究及其对我国的启示

Research on the Reward System of Employee Invention in France and Its Enlightenment to China

我国专利法确定了以“一奖两酬”为基础的职务发明报酬制度,但该制度存在不足之处,无法切实保护雇员发明人的利益、有效解决实务中的报酬纠纷。法国以雇员发明人是否接受雇主的任务为标准,将雇员发明分为任务发明及非任务发明,并对应不同的报酬制度。此外,法国还就职务发明报酬争议形成了较为合理的纠纷解决机制。以法国的立法与实践为参照,优化我国的职务发明报酬制度。我国应当明确雇员发明人的利益回报,确立“约定优先,法定保障”原则,构建多元化的奖酬体系。

China's patent law determines the service invention compensation system based on"one award and two compensation",but the system has shortcomings,which can not effectively protect the interests of employee inventors and effectively solve the compensation disputes in practice.France divides employee inventions into task inventions and non task inventions according to whether the employee inventor accepts the task of the employer,and corresponds to different compensation systems.In addition,France has also formed a more reasonable dispute resolution mechanism for the dispute over the remuneration of service invention.Taking the legislation and practice of France as a reference,optimize China's service invention compensation system.China should clarify the benefit return of employees and inventors,establish the principle of"agreed priority and legal guarantee",and build a diversified reward system.