牧区新型城镇化的发展策略研究——基于内蒙古牧区的典型分析

Research on the Development Strategies of New-type Urbanization in Pastoral Areas——Based on the Typical Analysis of Pastoral Areas in Inner Mongolia

牧区新型城镇化是维护民族地区和谐发展、实现牧区现代化、可持续发展的必然选择。基于对内蒙古牧区城镇化发展历程的分析,进而得出内蒙古牧区城镇化具有的"五大特征":城镇化空间分布格局呈现"大分散、小集中"特征;非农产业动力不足,产业结构不合理;生态承载力弱,资源利用与环境保护矛盾突出;牧区传统文化向城市文化变迁复杂而艰巨;牧区人口结构不合理,人口受教育程度低。本文结合内蒙古牧区的现实需要,就实施产业结构调整,健全资源生态补偿,厚植草原文化基因,优化城镇发展空间格局以及完善牧民综合保障等措施提出了政策建议。

New-type urbanization of pastoral areas is an inevitable choice to maintain the harmonious development of ethnic areas,realize the modernization of pastoral areas and take the road of sustainable development.Based on the analysis of the development process of urbanization in Inner Mongolian pastoral areas,this paper summarizes the five characteristics of urbanization in Inner Mongolian pastoral areas:the spatial distribution pattern of urbanization presents the characteristics of“large dispersion,small concentration”;The power of non-agricultural industry is insufficient and the industrial structure is unreasonable;The ecological carrying capacity is weak,and the contradiction between resource utilization and environmental protection is prominent;The transition from traditional culture of a pastoral area to urban culture is complicated and arduous;The population structure of pastoral areas is unreasonable and the education level of population is low.According to the actual needs of Inner Mongolian pastoral areas,the paper puts forward some policy suggestions on implementing industrial structure adjustment,perfecting resource ecological compensation,planting steppe cultural gene,optimizing urban development spatial pattern and perfecting comprehensive guarantee for herdsmen.