中国共产党领导学校体育发展的百年演进与历史经验

100-year Evolution and Historical Experience of School Physical Education Development Under the Leadership of Communist Party of China

在中国共产党成立百年之际,系统梳理中国共产党领导下学校体育发展的百年历程和基本经验,以此为新时代中国学校体育事业的发展提供历史镜鉴。研究认为:百年来我国学校体育的发展在中国共产党的领导下主要经历了新中国成立前的探索期(1921年7月—1949年9月)、新中国成立后17年的奠基期(1949年10月—1966年4月)、"文革"10年的挫折期(1966年5月—1976年10月)、整顿改革后的崛起期(1976年11月—1999年12月)和新世纪以来的腾飞期(2000年至今)。中国共产党领导下的学校体育之所以能实现跨越式发展,主要经验在于其始终坚持党的领导和社会主义办学方向、始终坚持法治化和规范化的建设之路、始终坚持"健康第一"和"全面发展"的育人理念、始终坚持"扎根本土"和"面向国际"的有机统一、始终坚持推进学校体育师资队伍建设和始终坚持中华体育精神的传承与弘扬。

At the centennial of the founding of the Communist Party of China, this paper systematically combs the centennial process and basic experience of the development of school physical education under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, so as to provide a historical mirror for the development of school physical education in China in the new era.The research shows that under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the development of school physical education in China in the past century has mainly experienced the exploration period before the founding of the People’s Republic of China(from July 1921 to September 1949),the foundation period of 17 years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China(from October 1949 to April 1966),the 10-year setback period of the “Cultural Revolution”(from May 1966 to October 1976),the rise period after the rectification and reform(from November 1976 to December 1999) and the take-off period since the new century(since 2000).The main experience of the great leap forward development of school physical education under the leadership of the Communist Party of China is that it always adheres to the party’s leadership and socialist school running direction, always adheres to the construction road of legalization and standardization, always adheres to the educational concept of “health first” and “all-round development”,always adheres to the organic unity of “taking root in the local” and “facing the international”,always adheres to the construction of school physical education teachers and the inheritance and promotion of the Chinese sports spirit.