清代基层官员的环境感知与地方治理--基于陕北黄土高原的考察

Environmental Perception and Local Governance of Local Officials in the Qing Dynasty

历史时期环境变化研究中“人(人群)”的社会属性需要重新审视和估量。应该在文献梳理的同时,结合田野调查,以此为基础去体察生态环境及在生态环境中繁衍生息的人类活动。因此,研究者需要切身感受这种接近当时生存环境的谋生方式,并以此来重新界定即将展开的研究。以基层官员的籍贯与履历作为考察清代陕北黄土高原基层官员的环境感知和地方治理的依据,对他们的环境认知和环境调适的过程进行相关研究,可以捕捉和体悟他们在常规和紧急行政事务中的举措与处置态度,以及行为过程中所凸显出来的人类智慧。

The social attributes of the“people”in the study of environmental change during the historical periods need to be re-examined and re-evaluated.We should combine fieldwork with literature to examine the ecological environment and the human activities that flourished with it.Therefore,the researcher needs to experience this way of earning a living close to the time and redefine the research to be conducted.Using the places of birth and biographies of grassroots officials as a basis for examining the environmental perceptions and local governance of officials in northern Shaanxi during the Qing dynasty,this paper seeks to correlate their environmental perceptions and processes of environmental adaptation.In doing so,the aim is to capture their initiatives and dispositional attitudes in both routine and urgent administrative matters,as well as the human wisdom highlighted in their behavioral processes.