铸造除尘灰的特性及回收煤炭资源的研究

Research on Characteristics of Cast Dust and Recovery of Coal Resources

对某大型汽车制造企业的铸造车间除尘灰的特性进行了研究,研究了浮选药剂包括非极性油类捕收剂、起泡剂仲辛醇、脉石抑制剂水玻璃、矿浆调整剂碳酸钠、微细粒分散剂六偏磷酸钠用量对浮选指标的影响。结果表明:柴油对除尘灰中煤粒浮选效果最好,浮选矿浆的最佳p H值为8.1~8.4,柴油、仲辛醇、水玻璃和六偏磷酸钠最佳用量分别为2.0 kg/t、0.7 kg/t、1.6kg/t和2.0kg/t。粗精煤表面仍有包裹的钙长石等脉石矿物,这是粗选不能获得合格精煤的原因。通过进一步的磨矿解离,多次精选后可获得产率为12.11%、可燃体的回收率为24.68%、灰分13.67%的合格精煤。

Coal particles is easily wraped by gangue minerals in casting dust,and it is difficult to separate them.Recycling coal resources is not only related to the comprehensive utilization of casting dust,but also one of the key technologies to solve its high value utilization.In this paper,the characteristics of casting dust in a large automobile manufacturing Company in the north were studied.The effects of flotation agents including nonpolar oil collector,foaming agent secondary octanol,gangue inhibitor water glass,slurry regulator sodium carbonate,fine particle dispersant sodium hexametaphosphate on flotation index were studied.The results show that diesel oil had the best flotation effect on the coal particles in casting dust,and the optimum pH value of flotation slurry was 8.1-8.4,and the optimum dosage of diesel oil,secondary octanol,water glass and sodium hexametaphosphate were 2.0 kg/t,0.7 kg/t,1.6 kg/t and 2.0 kg/t,respectively.There are still some gangue minerals such as calcium feldspar on the surface of crude floating coal,which is the reason why crude separation cannot obtain qualified clean coal.Through further grinding dissociation,the yield of final clean coal was 12.11%,it's recovery rate of combustible was 24.68% and it's ash was 13.67%.