闽僧东渡与江户时期的中日佛学对话研究--以黄檗宗东传日本为例

The study of the Sino-Japanese Buddhism Dialogue in the Period of the Eastward Crossing of Fujian Monks and the Edo Period:Take the Eastward Spread of Huangbo Sect as an Example

公元1654年中国佛教名僧隐元东渡日本,而后创立了日本佛教宗派黄檗宗。黄檗宗为日本佛教发展注入了新的生机,由黄檗宗衍生的黄檗文化还深刻影响了江户时期的日本文学、艺术、书画、建筑等,中日佛学对话的影响力甚至深入到日本国民日常的饮食生活,表现出了较高的文化融合度。对明末清初闽僧东渡日本的政策性因素、宗教发展需求、航海条件等历史背景进行对比分析,重点剖析中国佛教黄檗宗在东传后日本的发展情况。隐元渡日黄檗宗东传对日本社会发展的影响,可以从中国佛教禅宗日本化的视角深入考察其历史价值和启示意义。

In the year of 1654,a famous Chinese Buddhist monk Yin Yuan traveled to Japan,and then he founded the Huangbo Sect,a Japanese Buddhist sect,which not only injected vitality into Japanese Buddhism,but more importantly,the Huangbo culture,derived from the the Huangbo Sect,played an important role in promoting various aspects of Japanese society besides literature,art,painting and calligraphy,architecture in Edo era.What is more,its influence even went deep into the daily life of Japanese citizens,reflecting a high degree of integration with Japanese culture.On the basis of comparative analysis of the policy factors,religious development needs,navigation conditions and other historical backgrounds of those Monks'eastward sea-voyage to Japan in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties,this paper focuses on the development of Huangbo Sect after Yin Yuan's eastward crossing.The spread of Huangbo Sect to Japan and its influence on the development of Japanese society can be deeply studied from the perspective of Japanization of Chinese Zen Buddhism.