中学生父亲在位与社会交往能力的关系研究

The Relationship between Father Presence and Social Competence of Middle School Students

父亲在位对人的道德素质、性格养成和能力培养具有不可替代的关键作用。运用父亲在位理论,采用中学生父亲在位量表和青年学生社交能力问卷,从甘肃省庆阳市两所中学抽取417名学生作为被试开展问卷调查,同时使用访谈提纲对7名学生进行半结构化访谈,进行相互验证,旨在了解、分析和把握中学生的父亲在位水平与其社会交往能力的现状、特点以及两者之间的关系。研究发现:(1)中学生父亲在位总体处于中等偏上水平,在年级、是否住校和家庭结构上存在显著差异;(2)中学生社会交往能力整体水平良好,在是否担任班干部和家庭所在地上存在显著差异;(3)中学生的父亲在位水平总分与各维度均与中学生社会交往能力呈现出正相关关系。同时,母亲支持、身体互动和父亲影响三个分量表能够正向预测社会交往能力。为有效提升中学生的父亲在位水平和社会交往能力,可以从家庭、学校和社会教育三个层面采取具有适应性和针对性的对策。

Father presence plays an irreplaceable key role in the cultivation of moral quality,character and abili-ty.Based on the theory of father presence,417 middle school students were selected from two middle schools in Qingy-ang city of Gansu province to carry out a questionnaire survey by using the Father Presence Questionnaire and the So-cial Competence Questionnaire for young students,at the same time,we use the interview outline to conduct semi-structured interviews with 7 students,in order to understand and grasp the status quo,relationship and characteristics of father presence level and social competence of middle school student.The findings are as follows:(1)the father presence of middle school students is generally above the middle level,and there are significant differences in grade,whether living in school or not and family structure;(2)the social competence of middle school students is good as a whole,and there are significant differences in whether they serve as class cadres and family sites;(3)the total score of father presence level of middle school students is positively correlated with social competence in all dimensions.More-over,the three subscales of mother support,physical interaction and father influence can positively predict social com-petence.At the same time,in order to effectively enhance the level of father presence and social competence of middle school students,this paper puts forward adaptive and targeted countermeasures and suggestions from the three aspects of family,school and social education.