正念训练对优秀射箭运动员比赛期焦虑的影响:来自HRV的证据

Influence of Mindfulness Training on the Anxiety of in-Game Elite Archers:Evidence from HRV

考察正念训练方法缓解比赛期优秀射箭运动员紧张情绪和焦虑状态的作用,为我国射箭队备战重要国际大赛提供新手段和新方法。方法:选取国家射箭队26名运动员,随机分成实验组和对照组,12周干预前后,对2组被试比赛期静息态心率变异性(HRV)指标、焦虑情绪和疲劳状态进行测评和分析。结果:2组运动员HRV指标中的HF(p<0.05)、LF/HF(p<0.05)存在显著差异性,“心境状态量表”中的焦虑分量表评分结果具有显著差异性(p<0.05)。结论:正念训练能够显著增强比赛期优秀射箭运动员副交感神经系统活性,维持植物神经系统的动态平衡性,降低优秀射箭运动员比赛期焦虑水平,改善比赛期心理状态,有助于提升优秀射箭运动员比赛期的运动表现。

The paper provides new means and methods for China’s archery team to prepare for important international competitions by analyzing the impact of mindfulness training in alleviating the tension and anxiety of elite archers during the competition.Method:26 Chinese national archers were randomly divided into both experimental and control groups.In-game indicators of HRV,anxiety,and fatigue of the two groups were measured and analyzed around the 12 weeks of intervention.Results:There were significant differences in HF(p<0.05)and LF/HF(p<0.05)in HRV indicators between the two groups,and there were significant differences in the scores of anxiety subscale of the Profile of Mood States(p<0.05).Conclusion:The mindfulness training can significantly enhance the activity of parasympathetic nervous system and dynamic regulation between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems of in-game archers,alleviate their in-game anxiety,improve the psychological state during the competition,and help to improve the in-game performance of excellent archers.