基于数据挖掘分析眼科古籍治疗夜盲补益方用药规律

Analysis on the medicating rule of the tonic prescriptions for nyctalopia in the ancient books of ophthalmology

目的基于数据挖掘技术分析眼科古籍治疗夜盲补益方用药的规律。方法依据《第5版中华医典》收录眼科古籍12种有关治疗夜盲处方52首,运用古今医案云平台软件,分析处方用药频次、关联药对及核心药物组成等数据。结果(1)方剂分类:分为滋补肝肾、温补脾肾、补脾益气3类方剂,其中滋补肝肾型处方占比最高(46.15%)。(2)药物频次:共计用药138味,总用药频次408次。用药频次≥6药物共20味,用药频次合计179次(43.87%),其中甘草频次为18次(34.62%)、茯苓频次为15次(28.85%)、防风频次为12次(23.08%)排前3位。(3)四气五味:以性温(101次,24.75%)、味甘(216次,52.94%)以及归脾经(177次,43.38%)药物占比最高。(4)药物关联分析:提取14对高关联度药物组合,其中"党参-陈皮""熟地黄-生地黄""柴胡-黄芪"排前3位。(5)药物聚类分析:3类高频药物依次为,第1类:菊花、川芎、防风、黄芩、大黄;第2类:茯苓、人参、细辛;第3类:苍术、山药、陈皮、当归、石决明。(6)复杂网络分析:提取16味节点度≥33药物,核心药物主要为补益及辛散两类。结论以甘温补益药为核心,配伍健脾燥湿药与辛散升阳药,使气血上荣于目是眼科古籍治疗夜盲补益方用药特点,值得挖掘。

OBJECTIVE Based on data mining technology,this paper analyzed the law of drugs use of tonic prescriptions in the treatment of nyctalopia in ancient ophthalmic books.METHODS The 52 prescriptions for the treatment of nyctalopia in 12 ancient ophthalmic books were found in the 5 th edition of Encyclopaedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Then,the prescription medication frequency,related drug pairs and core drug composition were analyzed by using the ancient and modern medical case cloud platform software.RESULTS(1)Formula classification:It was divided into three types:nourishing liver and kidney,warming spleen and kidney and tonifying spleen and Qi,among which the prescription of nourishing liver and kidney accounts for the highest proportion(46.15%).(2)Drug frequency:138 herbs were used in total,and the totaldrugfrequencywas 408 times.Drugfrequency≥6,20 herbs in total,184 times(45.10%),of which Licorice 18(34.62%),Poria cocos 15(28.85%)and windbreak 12(23.08%)ranked the top 3.(3)Four Qi and five flavors:The herbs with warm nature(101 times,24.75%),sweet taste(216 times,50.90%)and meridian tropism in Spleen(177 times,43.38%)accounted for the highest proportion.(4)Drug association analysis extracted 14 pairs of high association herbs combinations,among which"dangshen tangerine peel","prepared rehmannia glutinosa raw Rehmannia"and"Bupleurum Astragalus"ranked the top 3.(5)Drug cluster analysis showed that three types of high-frequencyherbs were as follows:the first type:Chrysanthemum,Ligusticum wallichii,Saposhnikovia divaricata,Scutellaria baicalensis and Rhubarb;Class 2:Poria cocos,Ginseng and asarum;Category 3:Atractylodes rhizome,Yam,Tangerine peel,Angelica sinensis and Cassia chinensis.(6)16 herbs with node degree≥33 were extracted by complex network analysis,and the core herbs were mainly tonifying Qi and pungent taste with dispersing effect.CONCLUSIONS The prescriptions for nyctalopia take tonic drugs with sweet taste and warm property as the core drug,combined with spleen-invigorating and damp-drying herbs as well as drugs with pungent taste and dispersing effect,to tonify Qi and blood up to eyes.This is the medication feature of the ancient books of ophthalmolog in treatment of nyctalopia,which is worth exploring.