农村家庭多维贫困测量及影响因素分析——基于CFPS 2018数据的实证

Multidimensional Poverty Measurement of Rural Households and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors——The Empirical Evidence Based on the Data of CFPS 2018

建立相对贫困缓解的长效机制是2020年后中国减贫事业的新战略,对农村家庭多维贫困进行深度剖析至关重要。目前农村家庭不仅存在收入贫困,其教育水平、生活条件等各方面的贫困更为严重。不同因素对贫困有不同的影响,其中农村家庭规模、从事个体经营情况、医疗保健支出、商业保险性支出对农村家庭多维贫困具有显著正向作用,而政府补助、外出打工对农村家庭多维贫困具有显著负向作用。解决农村家庭多维贫困问题,首先要大力发展农村教育事业,隔断贫困的代际传递;其次要积极引导农户使用清洁能源,减少农村人口脱贫阻碍;再次要保障农村地区饮水安全;最后要加强职业教育培训,提高农民的法律素养。

Establishing a long-term mechanism for relative poverty alleviation is a new strategy for China’s poverty reduction after 2020. It is very important to conduct an in-depth analysis of the multidimensional poverty of rural families. At present,rural households not only suffer from income poverty,but their education level,living conditions and other aspects of poverty are even more serious. Different factors have different effects on poverty.Among them,the size of rural households,self-employment,medical care expenditures,and commercial insurance expenditures have a significant positive effect on the multidimensional poverty of rural families,while government subsidies and migrant workers have a significantly negative effect on the multidimensional poverty of rural families. In order to solve the problems of multidimensional poverty in rural households,firstly,it is important to vigorously develop the level of rural education and cut off the intergenerational transmission of poverty.Secondly,it is necessary to actively guide farmers to use clean energy and reduce the obstacles to poverty alleviation of the rural population. Thirdly,it is essential to ensure the safety of drinking water in rural areas. Finally,it is vital to strengthen the occupational education and training and improve the legal literacy of farmers.