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免疫功能低下患儿重症肺炎的临床特点及预后危险因素研究 被引量:12

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摘要 目的分析免疫功能低下患儿合并重症肺炎的临床资料,总结临床特点,分析预后相关危险因素,为临床诊疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年3月在西安市儿童医院儿童重症监护病房收治的52例免疫功能低下合并重症肺炎的患儿资料,根据入院后28 d病情转归情况分为死亡组和存活组。比较两组一般情况及临床资料,并采用单因素和二元Logistic回归分析,分析影响预后的危险因素。结果52例免疫功能低下重症肺炎患儿,死亡28例,病死率53.84%。与存活组比较,死亡组中基础疾病结缔组织病(χ^(2)=11.066,P=0.001)、应用激素(χ^(2)=11.411,P=0.000)、入院时PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)(Z=4.040,P=0.000)、干咳(χ^(2)=8.437,P=0.004)、ARDS(χ^(2)=9.984,P=0.002)、磨玻璃阴影(χ^(2)=6.172,P=0.013)、有创机械通气(χ^(2)=10.835,P=0.001)对免疫功能低下患儿重症肺炎预后有显著影响,差异均有统计学意义。二元Logistic回归分析显示应用激素、PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)、ARDS、有创机械通气是影响预后的独立危险因素[优势比(OR)和95%可信区间分别为12.500(3.238~48.257)、1.011(1.005~1.018)、13.000(2.507~67.408),7.333(2.124~25.316),P均<0.05]。结论应用激素、PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)、ARDS、有创机械通气均为免疫功能低下患儿并发重症肺炎死亡的独立危险因素,对于长时间应用激素、较低PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)的患儿,应警惕发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征,在早期应积极给予无创辅助通气,并注意监测临床体征及血气分析,及时转为有创辅助通气,可能会改善此类患儿预后,降低病死率。
出处 《国际儿科学杂志》 2021年第11期790-794,共5页 International Journal of Pediatrics
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