当代科学技术及其实践基础演进剖析

An Analysis of the Development of Modern Science and Technology and the Foundation of Their Practice

科学技术是一种古老而常新的文化形态,近代以来经历了从手工业技术到工业技术、工艺学到工程科学的演进,开始扮演驱动经济社会发展引擎的角色。当代科学技术及其实践基础的演化呈现出一系列新特点、新趋势,科技发展规划得以强化,组织方式从R&D中心到国家创新系统演变,出现了技性科学形态、知识生产新模式以及科学实验与技术试验的渗透融合趋势,迫切要求人们与时俱进,改变过时的传统科学技术观念,积极迎接新一轮科技革命及其挑战。

Science and technology constitute a culture with both ancient and modern forms.They have witnessed a process from technology to engineering science,and from handicraft technology to modern industrial technology,now playing a leading role in economic and social development.The development of modern science and technology and their foundation is characteristic for a number of new ways and new trends.For example,the developing plan of science and technology has been strengthened,the form of organization has changed from R&D center to national innovation system,and a new model of combining technical science,knowledge production,and scientific experiments has forged.This requires people to advance with the times and to actively meet the challenges in the coming technological revolution.