精准扶贫政策对贫困户增收效应的科学评估

The Income Effect of Filing Cards Policy and the Role of Poverty-stricken Villages Policy

在后扶贫时代到来之际,有必要科学评估精准扶贫政策对贫困户的增收效应,探讨增收机制,从而为后续的防返贫工作提供指导。利用2018年实地调查的微观数据研究发现:建档立卡政策的确能够有效提高贫困户的家庭收入。无论是建档立卡政策还是贫困村政策,其最终的落脚点均在于开发式扶贫。在增强贫困户内生动力上,产业扶贫、金融扶贫以及就业扶贫均产生了正向作用,首先为产业扶贫,其次为金融扶贫,最后为就业扶贫。自2020年后,在乡村振兴战略框架下,要有效融合产业扶贫、金融扶贫与就业扶贫,努力保证在脱贫攻坚过程中培育起来的扶贫体系实现可持续发展。

As the post-poverty alleviation era is approaching,it is necessary to scientifically evaluate the income increasing effect of targeted poverty alleviation policies on poor households and explore the income increasing mechanism,to provide guidance for the follow-up work of preventing poverty.Based on the micro data of the field survey in 2018,it was found that the policy of filing cards can effectively increase the household income of poor households.No matter it is the policy of establishing the file card,or the policy of poverty-stricken villages,its ultimate destination is development-oriented poverty alleviation.In terms of enhancing the endogenous power of the poor households,the industrial poverty alleviation,the financial poverty alleviation and the employment poverty alleviation have a positive effect.However,the industrial poverty alleviation method is the best,followed by financial poverty alleviation and finally employment poverty alleviation.After 2020,under the framework of the rural revitalization strategy,poverty alleviation through industry,finance and employment should be effectively integrated to ensure sustainable development of the poverty alleviation system cultivated in the process of poverty alleviation.