甲下黑素瘤诊断进展

Progress in diagnosis of subungual melanoma

甲下黑素瘤(subungual melanoma)是起源于甲母质的恶性黑素瘤(malignant melanoma),属于肢端恶性黑素瘤,临床症状多表现为皮损较宽、颜色不均的甲黑线或甲下边界不规则的斑片。由于存在诊断延迟,常导致病情进展,预后不佳。晚期甲下黑素瘤可发生转移,危及患者生命。本文在国内外近期文献及诊疗指南基础上,结合临床诊疗现状,阐述甲下黑素瘤流行病学、临床表现、临床评估及诊治进展,为早期诊断及规范治疗提供参考。

Subungual melanoma is melanoma originating from the nail matrix and belongs to acral lentiginous melanoma.Clinically,subungual melanoma presents as a wide,unevenly colored longitudinal melanonychia or irregular patches of subungual border,which often leads to progression and poor prognosis due to delayed diagnosis.Advanced subungual melanoma could metastasize and be life-threatening.Based on recent domestic and international literatures and treatment guidelines,this paper described the epidemiology,clinical manifestations,clinical evaluation and diagnosis and treatment of subungual melanoma,thus providing reference for early diagnosis and standardized treatment of subungual melanoma.