广州地区公职人员甲状腺结节检出情况及影响因素分析

Thyroid nodule detection rate and influencing factors in public officers in Guangzhou

目的研究广州地区公职人员甲状腺结节检出情况及影响因素,为甲状腺疾病的早期防治提供科学依据。方法选取2020年1月至12月在广州市第十一人民医院健康体检并行甲状腺彩超检查的32137名广州地区公职人员作为研究对象,进行回顾性分析,采用SPSS 25.0统计学软件进行卡方检验和二分类logistic回归分析,了解广州地区公职人员甲状腺结节检出情况,分析甲状腺结节与性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、血压、血糖、血脂、尿酸等影响因素之间的关系。结果在32137名受检者中,甲状腺结节检出率为48.78%(15676/32137),其中女性检出率56.45%(6889/12203),明显高于男性(44.08%,8787/19934,P<0.05);除男性60~<70岁年龄组与≥70岁年龄组检出率差异无统计学意义(P=0.0547)外,甲状腺结节检出率随年龄增长均有明显升高趋势(均P<0.05),且各年龄组女性甲状腺结节检出率也明显高于同年龄组男性(均P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=2.241,P<0.001)、较高年龄(OR=1.064,P<0.001)、高BMI(OR=1.028,P<0.001)和较高收缩压(OR=1.032,P<0.001)与甲状腺结节的发生独立相关。结论广州地区公职人员女性甲状腺结节检出率高于男性,性别、年龄、超重及高血压是甲状腺结节发生的独立影响因素。

Objective To study the detection rate and influencing factors of thyroid nodules in public officers in Guangzhou and to provide scientific basis for the early prevention and treatment of thyroid diseases.Methods A total of 32137 public officers in Guangzhou who had a health checkup and thyroid color Doppler ultrasound examination in Guangzhou 11th People's Hospital from January to December 2020 were selected as the research objects for retrospective analysis.Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were performed by SPSS 25.0 statistical software to analyze the thyroid detection rate and the effects of gender,age,body mass index(BMI),blood pressure,blood glucose,blood lipid,uric acid,and other indicators on the occurrence of thyroid nodules.Results In the 32137 objects,the detection rate of thyroid nodules was 48.78%(15676/32137);the incidence in the women was 56.45%(6889/12203),which was significantly higher than that in the men(44.08%,8787/19934,P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the detection rate between the 60-<70 years old group and the≥70 years old group in the males(P=0.0547);in the rest groups,the detection rate obviously increased with age(all P<0.05),and the detection rates in all the age groups were higher in the females than in the males(all P<0.001).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that women(OR=2.241,P<0.001),older age(OR=1.064,P<0.001),high BMI(OR=1.028,P<0.001),and high systolic blood pressure(OR=1.032,P<0.001)were independently related to the occurrence of thyroid nodules.Conclusions The detection rate of thyroid nodules in public officers in Guangzhou in females is higher than that in males.Gender,age,overweight,and hypertension are independent risk factors of thyroid nodules.