草麻黄、中麻黄及木贼麻黄水提物对风寒表证大鼠机体免疫作用的差异研究

Study on the differences of immune effects of water extracts of Ephedra sinica Stapf,Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et C.A.Mey.,Ephedra equisetina Bge.on wind-cold superficies syndrome in rats

本实验采用"风扇吹风加寒冷刺激"构建风寒表证模型,比较草麻黄、中麻黄及木贼麻黄水提物对风寒表证大鼠机体免疫作用的差异,为麻黄的临床用药提供理论支撑。当大鼠出现蜷卧或团缩聚卧状态、自发活动减少、弓背耸毛、打喷嚏、体温升高时即为模型成功。造模成功后,将雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常(CON)、模型(FHBZ)、对乙酰氨基酚(Y,455 mg/kg)、草麻黄(CMH,2340 mg/kg)、中麻黄(ZMH,2340 mg/kg)及木贼麻黄(MZMH,2340 mg/kg)组,连续灌胃给药5d。利用流式细胞术检测大鼠肺和脾脏细胞凋亡水平及外周血和脾脏内自然杀伤细胞(natural killer cells,NKs)、树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DCs)、髓系来源的抑制性细胞(myeloid-derived suppressor cells,MDSCs)、辅助性T细胞(helper T cells,Ths)、细胞毒性T细胞(cytotoxic T cells,Tcs)以及调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Tregs)的水平变化。研究结果显示,三种麻黄均能显著降低风寒表证大鼠肺和脾脏细胞的凋亡水平,调节大鼠机体内免疫细胞水平(P<0.01),且草麻黄的作用效果优于中麻黄和木贼麻黄,与临床用药一致。

In this study,the wind-cold superficies syndrome model was established by fan blowing and cold stimulation,and the immune effects of Ephedra sinica Stapf,Ephedrae intermedia Schrenk et C.A.Mey.,and Ephedra equisetina Bge.water extracts were compared in rats with wind-cold superficies syndrome model,providing theoretical support for the clinical medication of Ephedra sinica.The model was successful when the rats showed a curled up or reunited state,reduced spontaneous activities,arched back,sneezing,and elevated body temperature.After the model was successfully established,male SD rats were randomly divided into normal(CON),wind-cold superficies syndrome model(FHBZ),acetaminophen(Y,455 mg/kg),Ephedra sinica Stapf(CMH,2340 mg/kg),Ephedrae intermedia Schrenk et C.A.Mey.(ZMH,2340 mg/kg)and Ephedra equisetina Bge.(MZMH,2340 mg/kg)groups.Continuous intragastric administration for 5 days.Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of apoptosis in the lung and spleen and the levels of natural killer cells(NKs),dendritic cells(DCs),myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs),helper T cells(Ths),cytotoxic T cells(Tcs),and regulatory T cells(Tregs)in peripheral blood and spleen.The results of the study showed that the three kinds of Ephedra Herba reduced the apoptosis level of lung and spleen cells,and regulated the level of immune cells in rats with wind-cold syndrome significantly(P<0.01).In addition,the effects of Ephedra sinica Stapf is better than that of Ephedrae intermedia Schrenk et C.A.Mey.and Ephedra equisetina Bge.,which is consistent with the clinical medication.