不同渠道的技术溢出与中国制造业绿色生产率

The Impact of Technology Spillover From Different Channels on Green Productivity of China's Manufacturing Industry

本文基于中国制造业20个子行业2005~2019年的投入产出数据,利用超效率SBM模型,对中国制造业总体绿色全要素生产率(GTFP)和不同技术密集度的制造业绿色全要素生产率进行了考察。结果表明,2005~2019年中国制造业总体绿色全要素生产率先下降后缓慢上升。同时,本文通过对不同渠道下的技术溢出对中国制造业绿色生产率的影响进行了实证检验。结果表明,不同渠道的技术溢出对制造业总体及不同技术密集度的制造业绿色全要素生产率的影响方向基本一致,具体表现为贸易溢出的影响不显著,FDI溢出抑制绿色生产率的提高,ODI溢出对绿色生产率有较强促进作用,但每种渠道技术溢出对不同技术密集度的制造业在影响程度上存在差异。本文认为,中国制造业绿色全要素生产率未来存在较大的提升空间,加大对外投资是提升中国制造业绿色全要素生产率的最有效渠道。

Based on the input-output data of 20 sub-sectors of China's manufacturing industry from 2005 to 2019,this paper examines the green total factor productivity(GTFP)of the China's manufacturing industry using the super-efficient SBM model.The result shows that from 2005 to 2019,the general GTFP of the China's manufacturing industry has been declining first and then slowly rise.We also give empirical test for the impact of technology spillover under multiple channels on the GTFP of China's manufacturing industry.The result indicates that the impact direction of technology spillovers from different channels on the GTFP of manufacturing industry as well as the different technology-intensive industries are basically the same.Specifically,the impact of trade spillover is not significant,FDI spillover inhibits the improvement of green productivity,and ODI spillover has a strong promoting effect.Meanwhile,the degree of the impact from the same channel has large difference among high-tech,medium-hightech and low-tech industries.This paper concludes that there is a large room for improvement of the GTFP of China's manufacturing industry in the future.Increasing outward foreign investment is the most effective channel to improve the GTFP of China's manufacturing industry.