欧美紧固件验收检查标准解读

Interpretation of European and American Fastener Acceptance Inspection Standards

国际上紧固件验收检查标准体系有两大流派(即米制ISO标准和美制ASTM、ASME标准)。最近十年,国际上及各国都在推出或更新紧固件抽样检验标准。ISO/TC2国际紧固件标准化技术委员会于2019年7月已重新修订,并推出第四版ISO 3269:2019《紧固件验收检查》,该标准的验收规则和检验程序较原第三版有较大的变化和更新。ASME美国机械工程师协会取消原一直沿用的ASME B18.18.1,B18.18.2,B18.18.3M,B18.18.4M,B18.18.5M,B18.18.6M和B18.18.7M的七个系列标准,整合修订为ASME B18.18:2017《紧固件质量保证》使紧固件型式尺寸和螺纹精度等验收检查程序和规则更简捷明了,方便使用;ASTM美国材料与试验协会也发布了ASTM F1470:2019《紧固件机械性能和验收检查的抽样方案实施指南》,主要对紧固件机械性能、功能特性、表面涂层等特性实施检验和判定。要完成美制紧固件生产过程的评审和产品质量最终验收检查,必须要将ASTM F1470和ASME B18.18二个标准结合使用,才能得出完整的结论。

There are two major schools in the international fastener acceptance inspection standard system(the metric ISO standard and ASTM and ASME standards).In the past ten years,international and various countries have introduced or updated fastener sampling inspection standards.The ISO/TC2 International Fastener Standardization Technical Committee has been revised in July 2019 and launched the fourth edition of ISO 3269:2019 Fastener Acceptance Inspection,The acceptance rules and inspection procedures of this standard are better than those of the original third edition.Major changes and updates;ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers cancels the seven series of standards of ASME B18.18.1,B18.18.2,B18.18.3M,B18.18.4M,B18.18.5M,B18.18.6M and B18.18.7M that have been used all the time,and integrates Revised as ASME B18.18:2017 Quality Assurance for Fasteners to make the acceptance inspection procedures and rules of fastener type,size and thread accuracy more simple,clear and convenient to use;ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials also issued ASTM F1470:2019 Standard Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection1,which mainly inspects and judges the mechanical properties,functionality,surface coating and other characteristics of fasteners.To complete the review of the production process of American fasteners and the final acceptance inspection of product quality,the two standards of ASTM F1470 and ASME B18.18 must be combined to draw a complete conclusion.