从共同农业政策看欧共体的运行机制

On the Operating Mechanism of the European Community from the Perspective of the Common Agricultural Policy

欧共体共同农业政策涉及各成员国,尤其是法国、德国、英国三个欧洲大国的农产品生产、出口、进口,农产品关税、补贴等问题,因涉及各成员国的重大利益,故各成员国进行了尖锐复杂的利益博弈和协调妥协。该政策的孕育、诞生、调整,典型地展示了欧共体的运行机制:以各成员国在共同的大利益上的一致性克服它们在小利益上的矛盾性;通过成员国之间、成员国与欧共体之间的艰苦谈判,求得彼此的利益协调。这种运行机制维系了比较松散的欧共体的内部团结,促进了欧共体的发展。当然,它并不能解决欧共体内部重大和深刻的利益矛盾,也不能解决成员国内部对待欧共体的态度分歧。

The common agricultural policy of the European Community involves the production,export and import of agricultural products,tariffs and subsidies of agricultural products of member countries,especially France,Germany and the United Kingdom.It involves the major interests of member countries.Therefore,around it,in the last century,countries had carried out sharp and complex interest games and frequently coordinated compromises.The birth and adjustment of the policy typically shew the operating mechanism of the European Community:overcoming the contradiction of small interests with the consistency of the common big interests of member countries;coordinating their interests through arduous negotiations among member countries and between member countries and the community.This operating mechanism maintains the internal unity of the relatively loose community and promotes the development of the community.Of course,it cannot solve the major and profound interest contradictions within the community,nor can it solve the differences in the attitude towards the community within member countries’people.