数字劳动与智能时代的“软工作”

“Soft Work”in the Age of Digital Labor and Intelligence

随着人工智能的迅速发展,人类在工作领域面临着由人工智能所带来的极大挑战。不仅一些以往一直被视为人类专属的工作逐渐被人工智能所取代,而且随着算法的进步,人工智能的各项能力还会得到提升,其在理论上能够替代未来出现的各种新工作。由于技术和工作都是关系到人生存与发展的重要因素,所以,我们有必要通过重新思考人类发明和改进技术的初始目的来找到智能时代人类的工作方式。根据马克思主义技术观,人类在智能时代所从事的必定是能够实现人自由全面发展的“软工作”,尤其是打破了劳动与休闲严格区分的、具有社会性的、能促进人机关系和谐发展的数字劳动。我们需要做的是:转变工作观念、重构工作方式并开辟新的“软工作”领域。

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence,Human beings are facing great challenges from artificial intelligence in the field of work.Not only some work that has been regarded as human exclusive in the past has been gradually replaced by artificial intelligence,but also with the progress of algorithms,the abilities of artificial intelligence will be improved,which can theoretically replace all kinds of new work in the future.Since both technology and work are important factors related to human survival and development,it is necessary for us to rethink the initial purpose of human invention and improvement of technology to find the way of human work in the intelligent era.According to the Marxist view of technology,what human beings are engaged in the intelligent era must be the“soft work”that can realize people’s free and all-round development,especially the social digital labor that breaks the strict distinction between labor and leisure and can promote the harmonious development of man-machine relationship.What we need to do is change the way we think about work,reinvent the way we work,and open up new areas of“soft work”.