遗留工业地块土壤污染详细调查布点密度探讨——基于边际效益递减原理

Optimal grid sampling density of soil pollution survey in residual industrial sites—Based on principle of diminishing marginal benefits

该研究利用"边际效益递减"原理,对不同布点密度的经费投入与污染土壤修复量减小所产生经济效益的关系进行分析比较,并分别对20 m×20 m、10 m×10 m、5 m×5 m、2 m×2 m、1 m×1 m网格布点密度情景下无机污染、有机污染和复合污染的边际效益进行了研究。结果表明:随着布点密度增加,其经济效益变化规律符合边际效益递减原理;当布点密度<10 m×10 m时,无机污染、有机污染和有机/无机复合污染等地块的边际效益值均为正值;当布点密度>5 m×5 m时,边际效益值均为负值;当3种污染类型地块布点密度分别为5.91 m×5.91 m、8.85 m×8.85 m、8.85 m×8.85 m时,边际效益值为零。遗留工业地块土壤污染详细调查的布点密度以10 m×10 m网格为宜。该研究结果可为规范工业企业土壤环境管理提供科学支撑。

In the study,the principle of"diminishing marginal benefits"was used to analyze and compare the relationship between the financial input of different sampling densities and the economic benefits generated by the reduction in the amount of contaminated soil remediation.The marginal benefits for the sampling densities of 20 m×20 m,10 m×10 m,5 m×5 m,and 2 m×2 m,1 m×1 m were compared respectively with the case of inorganic-,organic-,and combined contaminations.Results showed that,with the increase of sampling densities,the change of economic benefits follows the principle of diminishing marginal benefits.With a sampling density less than 10 m×10 m,the marginal benefit value in inorganic-,organic-,and combined contaminated sites were positive.While this value became negative with a sampling density over 5 m×5 m.Furthermore,the marginal benefit value came to zero with the sampling density of 5.91 m×5.91 m,8.85 m×8.85 m,and 8.85 m×8.85 m,respectively,in the case of inorganic,organic,and combined contaminations.The optimal sampling density of the detailed soil pollution survey in residual industrial sites was 10 m×10 m.Overall,this study could provide a scientific support for the soil environmental management of industrial enterprises.