中国全球史研究的回顾与思考

Global History Studies in China:A Review and Some Reflections

20世纪80年代末,随着西方全球史著作的译介,“全球史”概念传入中国,并从90年代开始了全球史理论探讨,从最初讨论编纂世界通史的“全球史观”,发展到探讨跨文化互动、跨国史、新海洋史等理论和方法,并对全球史理论运用于中国史研究进行了探索。随着全球史研究向实证化、微观化方向发展,国内的全球史实证研究成果增多。《全球史评论》2008年创刊以来所刊论文统计表明,国内学者的实证性和原创性全球史成果占比呈上升趋势。与此同时,中国史学界也出现了一些全球史著作。然而,中国的全球史研究仍然存在一些问题与不足,例如对“全球史”理解简单化造成一些研究不够深入。中国的全球史研究需要处理好的两个重要问题是:具有国民身份的历史学者如何书写全球史和如何构建具有中国特色的全球史。

As a concept,"global history"was first introduced to China in the late 1980 s through translated works on global history from the West. A discussion of its theory began in the 1990 s. At the initial stage,the focus of the discussion was on the "global views of history". It then discussed on how to compile a general history of the world by including theories and methods such as cross-cultural interaction,transnational history,and new maritime history. At the same time,it applied global history theory to studies of Chinese history. With global history research further developing into empirical and microcosmic studies,the quantity of research works on global history in China has increased. For example,a statistical survey of the papers published in Global History Review since its inception in 2008 shows that the proportion of papers written by Chinese scholars on global history based on original research is on the rise. At the same time,some monographs of global history have also appeared in China. However,there are still some problems and deficiencies in global history research in China. For example,a simplistic understanding of"global history"has led to a lack of indepth research. Two important issues that need to be further addressed are how to write global history by scholars who embrace national identity and how to construct a global history with Chinese characteristics.