2016—2020年徐州市严重精神障碍流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of patients with severe mental disorders in Xuzhou,2016—2020

目的了解徐州市严重精神障碍患者的流行病学特征,为制定针对性的防治措施及精神卫生政策提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2016—2020年徐州市严重精神障碍的流行特征资料进行统计分析。结果 2016—2020年间徐州市累计登记患者41 125例,报告患病率为4.67‰,总体呈波动上升趋势。其中,男性19 579例,女性21 546例,女性患病率高于男性(5.08‰与4.30‰;χ^(2)=286.577,P<0.01);年龄以18~<60岁为主,占76.64%;文化水平偏低,初中以下占82.00%;已婚患者占62.95%,离婚患者占比持续上升;有家族史的患者占4.10%;经济状况为贫困的患者占38.90%;患病率最高的贾汪区5.98‰,最低的铜山区3.59‰;病种分布以精神分裂症为主(72.70%)。结论徐州市严重精神障碍患病率处于较高水平,不同区县患病率不同,贫困患者占比相对较低;应重点关注女性群体及精神分裂症的防治管理工作。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of patients with severe mental disorders in Xuzhou, and to provide scientific evidence for formulating targeted mental health policies for disease prevention and control. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used for statistical analysis on data of patients with severe mental disorders in Xuzhou from 2016 to 2020. Results A total of 41 125 patients were recorded in Xuzhou from 2016 to 2020, with the overall reported prevalence rate of 4.67‰, it showed an upward trend during the study period.The prevalence rate was higher in females than in males(5.08‰ vs 4.30‰;χ^(2)=286.577,P<0.01).Majority of cases were aged from 18 to <60, accounting for 76.64%;82.00% of patients had junior high school or below education level;62.95% were married but the divorce rate was up.4.10% of patients had family history and 38.90% were from low income families.The highest prevalence rate of 5.98‰ was in Jiawang district while the lowest of 3.59‰ was in Tongshan district.Schizophrenia was the predominant disease type, accounting for 72.70%. Conclusions The prevalence of severe mental disorders in Xuzhou remains at a high level, and varies in different counties and districts.The percentage of patients with low family income is relatively low.Women are more vulnerable to severe mental disorders than man.