循环肿瘤DNA在胰腺癌诊断和预后预测方面的研究进展

Progress of circulating tumor DNA in diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer

循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)是肿瘤细胞释放入血的DNA片段,其存在与否、血浆浓度的高低与患者预后息息相关。常见的检测方法有数字聚合酶链式反应技术、二代测序、甲基化检测等。针对ctDNA的特异性点突变或甲基化进行检测,不但能辅助诊断胰腺癌,还有望在早期阶段识别胰腺癌。针对术后ctDNA的检测能有效预测肿瘤复发转移,对患者进行风险分层,从而得以对高复发转移风险患者提前进行干预。据此,本文对ctDNA检测技术及ctDNA在胰腺癌早期诊断、手术后复发转移的预测和患者预后评估等方面的临床应用研究进行综述。

Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is the DNA fragment released into blood by tumor cells.Wheather it presents or not and its plasma concentration are closely related to the prognosis of patients.The common detection methods of ctDNA include digital polymerase chain reaction,second-generation sequencing,methylation detection technology and so on.Detecting specific point mutations or methylation of ctDNA can not only assist in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,but also be expected to identify pancreatic cancer at an early stage.Detecting ctDNA after operation can help predicting tumor recurrence and metastasis effectively,so that patients with high recurrence and metastasis risks can be intervened in advance.Accordingly,this article intends to review detection technology of ctDNA and its clinical applications in the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,the prediction of tumor recurrence and metastasis after surgery,and the evaluation of patient prognosis.