果园生草栽培年限对库尔勒香梨果实形态特征和品质的影响

Effects of Grass Cultivation Years in Orchard on Fruit Morphological Characteristics and Quality of Korla Fragrant Pear

以库尔勒香梨果实为试材,采用因素随机调查试验,研究不同生草种植年限(CK(不种草)、第1、2、3、4、5年)对其形态特征和品质的影响,以期为梨园生草种植年份特征和草梨互作机理提供参考依据。结果表明:与CK相比,种植生草第1、2、3、4年和第5年的果形指数分别提高了14.70%、5.91%、4.15%、3.34%和7.32%,单果质量分别提高了11.40%、4.95%、20.09%、12.78%和12.06%,果实带皮硬度分别提高了8.99%、35.20%、24.18%、26.99%和18.89%,果皮厚度分别降低了21.87%、4.68%、15.62%、25.00%和21.87%,可溶性固形物含量分别提高了0.17%、6.11%、7.81%、0.58%和3.31%,可滴定酸含量分别降低了23.53%、21.56%、25.49%、35.69%和33.33%,维生素C含量分别提高了19.05%、57.14%、152.38%、123.81%和109.53%,出汁率分别提高了26.78%、19.64%、28.57%、21.42%和23.21%。相关性分析发现,出汁率与可滴定酸、厚度呈负相关,与含糖量、叶绿素、带皮硬度、横径、果形指数呈极显著正相关,与果实的纵径、单果质量呈显著正相关。综上所述,生草种植提高了香梨果实的形态和品质,以种植生草3年以上对香梨果实品质的改善最佳。

Taking Korla fragrant pear as test material, a single-factor random survey experiment was carried out to study the effects of different grass planting years(CK(no grass),the first year, the second year, the third year, the fourth year, and the fifth year) on fruit morphology and quality of Korla fragrant pears, in order to provide reference for characteristics of grass planting year and interaction mechanism between pear and grass.The results showed that compared with CK,the fruit shape index of the first year, the second year, the third year, the fourth year and the fifth year increased by 14.70%,5.91%,4.15%,3.34% and 7.32%,single fruit weight increased by 11.40%,4.95%,20.09%,12.78% and 12.06%,fruit skin hardness increased by 8.99%,35.20%,24.18%,26.99% and 18.89%,respectively, peel thickness decreased respectively 21.87%,4.68%,15.62%,25.00%,and 21.87%,the soluble solid content increased by 0.17%,6.11%,7.81%,0.58%,and 3.31%,respectively, and the titratable acid content decreased by 23.53%,21.56%,25.49%,35.69% and 33.33%,vitamin C content increased by 19.05%,57.14%,152.38%,123.81% and 109.53% respectively, and the juice yield increased by 26.78%,19.64%,28.57%,21.42% and 23.21% respectively.Correlation analysis found that the juice yield was negatively correlated with titratable acid and thickness, was extremely significantly positively correlated with sugar content, chlorophyll, hardness with skin, horizontal diameter, and fruit shape index, and significantly positively correlated with fruit longitudinal diameter and single fruit weight.In summary, grass planting improves the morphology and quality of fragrant pear fruit, and planting grass for more than 3 years can best improve the fruit quality of fragrant pear.