航空弧齿锥齿轮风阻损失机理与影响因素分析

Mechanism and influencing factors analysis of windage losses from aeronautic spiral bevel gear

基于计算流体动力学(CFD)理论,采用剪切应力输运(SST)k-ω湍流模型及多参考系旋转模型(MRF)技术和Coupled解耦算法,仿真分析了单个弧齿锥齿轮周围的气流特性及齿轮风阻损失机理,研究了齿轮转速、旋转方向及挡风罩配置对风阻功率损失的影响规律。然后利用正交试验分析方法进行数值模拟仿真分析,研究挡风罩与齿轮齿面、大端及小端之间不同间隙值时的风阻力矩,对数值仿真数据进行方差分析与拟合得到齿轮风阻功率损失与间隙值的函数关系,结果表明:挡风罩间隙值均为1 mm时,风阻力矩最小,降低风阻功率损失的效果最好。利用最优化分析方法给出了挡风罩与齿轮间隙值的单目标最优参考值,为进一步研究挡风罩间隙值多约束下的多目标优化提供了理论基础及研究方法,也为挡风罩的工程应用提供了参考。

Based on the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)theory,the airflow character-istic and the mechanism of gear windage losses around the single spiral bevel gear were simulated and analyzed using shear stress transfer(SST)k-ω turbulence model and multi-reference rotation model(MRF)technology and the Coupled decoupling algorithm. The influence of gear speed,rotation direction and shroud configuration on windage power loss was researched. Then the wind-age moment was studied by orthogonal experiment and numerical simulation analysis with the dif-ference clearance value between the shroud and the tooth surface,the heel and toe of the gear. By means of variance analysis and data fitting,the functional relationship between the windage loss-es and the clearance value of the gear was obtained. The results showed that when the shroud clearance value was 1 mm,the windage moment was the smallest,and the effect of reducing the windage power loss was the best. The optimal reference value of the clearance between the shroud and the gear was given by using the single-objective optimization analysis method,which provided the theoretical basis and research method for further studying the multi-objective optimi-zation of the shroud clearance and also a reference for the engineering application of the wind-shield.