中国旅游资源绿色转换效率的时空演化及影响因素研究

Study on Spatial-temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Green Conversion Efficiency of China’s Tourism Resources

文章基于2000—2019年中国省际面板数据,运用EBM模型、GIS技术和Tobit回归方法对旅游资源绿色转换效率的时空演化及影响因素进行实证分析,结果表明:(1)旅游资源绿色转换效率经历了初步发展期(2000—2006年)、粗放式增长期(2007—2015年)和高质量转型期(2016—2019年),旅游资源绿色产出能力由30.4%提高至55.3%,处于中等水平;(2)研究期间,三大经济带效率水平显著提升,中部地区效率增速最快,居于首位,西部地区效率水平落后于东中部地区;(3)从空间分布看,效率高值区主要分布在天津、江苏、上海等东部地区,低值区主要分布在宁夏、新疆、青海等西部地区,各省份之间存在马太效应;(4)旅游资源高阶化、经济发展水平、产业结构、产业集聚、交通水平、科技水平和市场化水平显著促进了旅游资源绿色转换效率的提高,而旅游产业接待规模、碳排放结构、对外开放水平对效率的提升具有抑制作用。

Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2000 to 2019,this paper uses EBM model,GIS technology and Tobit regression method to conduct an empirical analysis on the spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factors of green conversion efficiency of tourism resources.The results go as follows:(1)The green conversion efficiency of tourism resources has gone through three stages:the initial development period(2000—2006),the extensive growth period(2007—2015),and the high-quality transition period(2016—2019).The green output capacity of tourism resources increases from 30.4%to 55.3%,which is at a medium level.(2)During the study period,the efficiency level of the three major economic belts has improved significantly;the growth rate of the efficiency in central region is the fastest,which ranks the first;the efficiency level of the western region lags behind the eastern and central regions.(3)In terms of spatial distribution,the high efficiency regions are mainly distributed in eastern regions such as Tianjin,Jiangsu and Shanghai,while the low efficiency regions are mainly distributed in western regions such as Ningxia,Xinjiang and Qinghai;Matthew effect exists among different provinces.(4)Advanced tourism resources,economic development level,industrial structure,industrial agglomeration,transportation level,scientific and technological level and marketization level significantly promote the improvement of green conversion efficiency of tourism resources,while the reception scale of tourism industry,carbon emission structure and the level of opening up have a restraining effect on the improvement of efficiency.