生态移民社区生活空间演化及质量评价——以宁夏银川市闽宁镇为例

Evolution and Quality Evaluation of Living Space in Ecological Migration Community——Take Minning Town as an Example

以闽宁镇典型移民安置区为研究对象,基于470份调查问卷和深度访谈资料,通过比较分析法和主成分分析—模糊综合评价法对生态移民社区生活空间的演化特征和生活质量进行评价。研究发现:搬迁前,自然环境主导生产方式,亲缘关系主导社会网络,生产方式主导生活方式,地理环境影响文化水平;移民后,生活居住范围变大,生产劳动由务农转向务工且劳动时间更加有序,通勤半径增加且通勤方式多样,购物类型和频次增多且购物范围圈层化,社交娱乐时间增多且娱乐方式更加丰富,社交对象打破亲缘和族缘限制向多元化转变,文化教育条件优化且意识上更重视教育。就此而言,闽宁镇生态移民社区空间生活质量相比原居住地整体上有大幅提高,生态移民对自己移民后的生活空间总体满意,但仍有很大提升空间。

Based on 470 questionnaires and first-hand interview data,this paper takes Minning Town,a typical resettlement area,as the research object,through comparative analysis method and main component analysis:fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for the evolution characteristics and quality of life of the living space of the ecological immigrant community.It is found that:firstly,before the immigration,the natural environment dominates the mode of production,the kinship dominates the social network,the mode of production dominates the way of life,the geographical environment affects the level of culture.Secondly,after immigration,the living area becomes larger and the conditions are better,the productive labor is shifted from farming to part-time work,and the working hours are more orderly,the commuting radius increases and the commuting methods are diversified,the shopping types and frequency increase,and the shopping scope is circled.Social entertainment time increases and entertainment methods are more abundant,social objects break the restriction of kinship and ethnic ties to change to diversification,cultural and educational conditions are optimized,and education is more consciously emphasized.Thirdly,the quality of the ecological immigrant community in Minning Town has greatly improved the overall inventory,and the ecological immigrants are generally satisfied with their immigrants,but still have a lot of room.