集气站管道典型缺陷及失效案例分析

Analysis of Typical Defects and Failure Cases of Pipelines in Gas Gathering Station

本文以某油田集气站为例,将集气站管道典型缺陷分为建设期原始缺陷(制造缺陷和焊接缺陷)和在役期损伤缺陷(腐蚀减薄缺陷和应力腐蚀开裂)两大类,详细介绍了各缺陷的特点及成因.结合现场检验发现的问题,深入分析了的3个典型失效案例.基于流场分析,重点论述了集气站锻制直角弯头腐蚀行为的影响机理,揭示了其腐蚀减薄规律,并据此对其设计优化提出创新建议.最后,根据管道典型缺陷的特点及成因,提出有针对性的预防措施.

Taking the gas gathering station of an oil field as an example,the paper divides the typical defects of pipelines in gas gathering station into two major categories:original defects during construction(manufacturing defects and welding defects)and damage defects during service(corrosion thinning defects and stress corrosion cracking).The characteristics and causes of each defect are introduced in detail.Three typical failure cases are deeply analyzed combined with the problems found in the inspection.Based on the flow field analysis,the paper discusses the influence mechanism of the corrosion behavior of forged right-angle elbows in gas gathering stations,reveals the law of corrosion thinning,and proposes innovative suggestions for its design optimization.Finally,the targeted preventive measures are proposed according to the characteristics and causes of typical defects in pipelines.