生物修复技术在石油污染场地的应用

Application of Bioremediation in Petroleum-Contaminated Site

随着石油需求的增加,石油烃污染现象日趋严峻,石化类场地修复工作已经成为目前备受关注的问题。生物修复技术能够在不造成二次污染的条件下降解有机污染物,具有绿色环保、成本低、有效期长、经济高效等优点,在场地修复方面应用广泛。系统综述了生物修复的技术方法、应用现状和限制因素等方面的研究内容,指出了生物修复技术应用于石油污染场地修复工作的适用性和局限性,提出强化土著生物降解能力、加强生物间协同作用、解析石油烃生物降解机理、寻找限速关键步骤、提高降解速率,是今后研究的主要方向。

With the increasing demand for oil,the pollution of petroleum hydrocarbons is becoming gradually serious,and the restoration of petrochemical sites has become an important problem currently.As an environmentally-friendly,low-costly,long-term and cost-effective remediation technology,bioremediation can degrade organic pollutants without causing secondary pollution,which has been widely used in the remediation of sites.In this paper,the technical methods of bioremediation were summarized,as well as the application status and the limiting factors.The applicability and limitations that the bioremediation technology used on petrochemical contaminated sites were pointed out.The main directions for future research were put forward,including strengthening the indigenous biodegradability,enhancing the synergy between organisms,analyzing the biodegradation mechanism of petroleum hydrocarbons and finding the key steps limiting the rate to increase degradation rate.