银厂沟谢家店滑坡体植被物种多样性和群落稳定性研究

Vegetation Species Diversity and Community Stability of Xiejiadian Landslide in Yinchanggou

探究银厂沟谢家店滑坡体植被物种多样性和群落稳定性特征及二者关系,可为滑坡体等地质灾害区植被恢复、物种多样性和群落稳定性特征研究提供参考和借鉴。采用样方法调查植被,并计算重要值、物种多样性指数和M.Godron稳定性,最后运用SPSS进行统计分析。结果显示:(1)各样地间群落类型差异较小,物种多样性指数高。从垂直结构上看:Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数为草本层>灌木层>乔木层,Pielou均匀度指数在不同样地间存在较大差异。(2)样地间群落均属于不稳定状态,欧式距离最小为23.91(样地1,位于坡脚),最大为32.75(样地5,位于坡中间)。(3)群落稳定性与Shannon-Wiener指数不具有相关性,与Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数呈显著负相关关系,与Margalef指数呈显著正相关,即群落稳定性受群落中物种数量和种群数量影响。经过10年的恢复,谢家店滑坡体植被恢复良好,群落结构较复杂,植被覆盖率高,群落演替处于上升期,物种多样性丰富,距离群落稳定状态还很遥远。

Exploring the characteristics of vegetation species diversity and community stability of Xiejiadian landslide in Yinchanggou and the relationship between the two will provide references for resecarching the vegetation restoration,species diversity and community stability characteristics of landslides and other geological disaster areas.Sample method is employed to carry out vegetation survey,and important value,species diversity index and M.Godron stability are measured.Finally,statistical analysis is done by SPSS.The results show as follows:(1)The community type difference among sample plots is small,and the species diversity index is high;From the perspective of vertical structure,Margalef index,Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index are in the order of herb layer>shrub layer>arbor layer and Pielou evenness index is quite different among different places;(2)The communities among sample plots are in an unstable state;The minimum Euclidean distance is 23.91(sample plot 1,located at the foot of the slope),and the maximum is 32.75(sample plot 5,located in the middle of the slope);(3) Community stability has no correlation with Shannon-Wiener index but negative correlation with Simpson index and Pielou evenness index;It is significantly and positively correlated with Margalef index,that is,community stability is affected by the number of species and population in the community.After 10 years of restoration,the vegetation is in a good recovery with a more complex community structure and high vegetation coverage rate.Although the state of community is far from being stable,the succession of the community is in an ascending period and the species diversity is rich.