1949~2020年潍坊市汽车制造业尘肺病发病情况分析

Analysis on incidence of pneumoconiosis in automotive industry, Weifang city,1949-2020

目的了解潍坊市汽车制造业尘肺病发病特点,为尘肺病防控提供建议。方法通过查阅尘肺诊断档案及职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统数据,收集1949~2020年潍坊市汽车制造业所有尘肺病人信息,对尘肺病发病情况进行描述性统计分析。结果 1949~2020年潍坊市汽车制造业尘肺病共254例,矽肺147例(57.87%),铸工尘肺85例(33.46%);2008年之后每年新发病例数有所下降并趋于稳定;尘肺病例主要分布在大型企业(238例、占93.70%);经济类型以国有经济为主(178例、占70.08%);总体诊断年龄以45~54岁为主(94例、占37.00%),平均诊断年龄为(44.48±7.33)岁,总体接尘工龄以20~29年为主(106例、占41.73%),平均接尘工龄(23.10±8.37)年。结论潍坊市汽车制造业尘肺病以矽肺和铸工尘肺为主。

Objective To understand the features of pneumoconiosis in automotive industry in Weifang city, so as to give advice for prevention and control of pneumoconiosis. Methods The data of pneumoconiosis cases in automotive industry in Weifang city during 1949-2020 were collected from diagnosis archives of pneumoconiosis and the National Information Surveillance for Ocupational Disease and Occupational Health, and the incidence of pneumoconiosis were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis. Results A total of 254 cases of pneumoconiosis in automotive industry in Weifang city were reported during 1949-2020,including 147 cases of silicosis(57.87%),85 cases of foundry workers, pneumoconiosis(33.46%).Since 2008,the number of new pneumoconiosis cases has decreased and tended to be stable.Most cases were distributed in large enterprises(238 cases, 93.70%),state-owned economy(178 cases, 70.08%).The overall age of diagnosis was mainly 45-54 years old(94 cases, 37.00%),the average age of diagnosis was(44.48±7.33) years old, and the total years of exposure to dust were mainly 20-29 years(106 cases, 41.73%),and the average years of exposure to dust was(23.10±8.37) years. Conclusion Silicosis and foundry workers, pneumoconiosis account for the majority in automotive industry in Weifang city.