低碳高效高炉的设计研究

Research and design on low-carbon and high-efficiency blast furnace

高炉炼铁的物理本质是铁素物质流在碳素能量流的驱动和作用下,按照设计的流程网络和运行程序,经过一系列复杂物理化学冶金反应过程,将铁矿石转变/转化为液态生铁的过程。碳素不仅是铁矿石还原过程的能量驱动源,也是生成铁水的重要非金属合金元素。面向全球"碳达峰""碳中和"的发展形势,传统高炉必须在已有工艺技术的基础上进行改进、优化和创新,努力实现低碳化、高效化、绿色化、智能化等多重目标。提出了未来高炉在实现高效低碳的同时,必须从功能设计、装备设计和流程设计入手,遵循节能减排、低碳绿色新的发展理念,通过工艺优化、结构优化和技术开发,使传统高炉更加适应于炉料结构和燃料结构的变革,减少焦炭消耗和对其依赖,在碳素能量输入降低的条件下,形成新的耗散结构体系,进而实现高炉低碳高效炼铁的工程演进和技术发展。

The physical essence of blast furnace ironmaking is the process of transforming/converting iron ore into hot metal under the drive and action of carbon energy flow and a series of complex physical and chemical metallurgical reactions,according to the designed process network and operation procedures.Carbon is not only an energy-driven source of the iron ore reduction process,but also an important non-metallic alloy element to generate hot metal.Facing the development situation of global"carbon peak"and"carbon neutrality",traditional blast furnace must be improved,optimized and innovated on the basis of existing technology,and strive to achieve multiple goals such as low carbon,high efficiency,greenization and intelligentialization.Meanwhile,the future blast furnace must start with the functional design,equipment design and process design,adhere to the new development philosophy of energy saving,emission reduction,low carbon and greenization.Through process optimization,structure optimization and technology development,the traditional blast furnace will be more suitable for the change of burden composition and fuel structure,reduce coke consumption and dependence,establish a new dissipation structure system with reduced energy input of carbon,and thus realize the engineering evolution and technology development of low carbon and high efficiency.