漂浮式水上光伏电站对湖库风生流作用机理的研究

RESEARCH ON ACTION MECHANISM OF FLOATING WATER PV POWER STATION ON WIND-DRIVEN FLOW IN LAKES AND RESERVOIRS

漂浮式水上光伏电站是一种新能源发电方式,目前已建设在我国许多湖泊和水库(下文简称为“湖库”)上。由于湖库的风生流会显著影响其垂直方向和表面的水流分布规律,而关于漂浮式水上光伏电站对湖库风生流的作用机理还有待深入研究。基于此,本文以我国东北地区某中型水库为例,通过建立考虑了漂浮式水上光伏电站不同布置方案的三维水动力数值模型,研究了在该水库上建设的漂浮式水上光伏电站对水库水流运动规律的影响。研究结果表明:未建设漂浮式水上光伏电站时,由于风场作用,整个水库在垂向剖面上呈现一个顺时针环流,其表层水流方向为上风区(即水库的南侧)向下风区(即水库的北侧)流动,底层水流方向为下风区向上风区流动;当在水库的上风区建设漂浮式水上光伏电站后,整个水库从垂向剖面来看,上风区的水流流速较小,顺时针环流主要存在于下风区;当在水库中间建设漂浮式水上光伏电站后,从平面上来看,在水库的东西侧均出现了顺时针环流,从垂向剖面来看,上风区和下风区均存在较弱的顺时针环流,而光伏电站下方的下层水流流向上风区方向。该研究成果揭示了漂浮式水上光伏电站对湖库风生流的作用机理,为漂浮式水上光伏电站项目的设计和湖库生态管理提供了科学依据。

Floating water PV power station is a new energy power generation method and has been built on many lakes and reservoirs in China.The wind-driven flow of lakes and reservoirs will significantly affect the vertical and surface water flow distribution,and the action mechanism of floating water PV power station on wind-driven flow in lakes and reservoirs need to be studied in depth.Based on this,this paper takes a mediumsized reservoir in Northeast of China as an example.By establishing a three-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical model that considers the different layout schemes of floating water PV power stations,the influence of floating water PV power stations built on the reservoir on the water flow movement law of the reservoir is studied.The results of the study show that when the floating water PV power station is not built,due to the effect of the wind field,the entire reservoir presents a clockwise circulation in the vertical section,and the direction of the surface water flow is from the upwind area(that is south side of the reservoir)to the downwind area(that is north side of the reservoir),and the bottom water flow direction is from downwind area to the upwind area.When the floating water PV power station is built in the upwind area of reservoir,the water flow in the upwind area is small on the vertical section,and the clockwise circulation mainly exists in the downwind area.When the floating water PV power station is built in the middle of the reservoir,a clockwise circulation appeared on the east and west sides of the reservoir on the plane,and there is a weak clockwise circulation in both the upwind area and the downwind area.The lower water flow below the PV power station flows in the direction of the upwind area.The research results revealed the action mechanism of floating water PV power stations on the wind-driven flow in lakes and reservoirs,and provided a scientific basis for the design of floating water PV power stations and the ecological management of lakes and reservoirs.