青少年鼻咽癌的临床病理特征及早期诊断研究

Clinicopathological features and early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in adolescents

目的探讨青少年鼻咽癌患者的临床病理特征,探讨早期诊断的注意事项。方法回顾性分析XXXX医院于 2012 年 1 月~2020 年 12 月收治的126例青少年鼻咽癌初诊患者的临床病理特征资料。结果本研究中126例患者,男女比为2.82:1;青少年鼻咽癌病程多集中于1~6个月,占比66.67%;发病年龄多集中于21~30 岁,占比80.16%;临床分期Ⅲ期和Ⅳa期占比高达88.09%;未分化型非角化性癌占比为82.54%;EBER(+)占比99.21%。结论对青少年鼻咽癌患者应给予足够的重视,对涕血及颈部肿物等常见临床表现进行规范的诊疗,特别需要对同时出现两种临床表现的患者进行鼻咽部的检查。推荐使用 EBV血清学检测、鼻咽纤维镜对出现两种临床表现的青少年进行鼻咽癌排查。

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in adolescents and to explore the precautions for early diagnosis.Methods The clinicopathological data of 126 cases of juvenile nasopharyngeal carcinoma in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Results In this study,126 patients,male to female ratio was 2.82:1;the course of juvenile nasopharyngeal carcinoma was mainly concentrated in 1-6 months,accounting for 66.67%;the age of onset was mainly concentrated in 21-30 years,accounting for 80.16%;the clinical stages of stage III and stage IV A accounted for 88.09%;undifferentiated non keratinocarcinoma accounted for 82.54%;EBER (+) accounted for 99.21%.Conclusion enough attention should be paid to the adolescent patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,and the diagnosis and treatment of common clinical manifestations such as blood discharge and neck tumor should be standardized,especially the examination of nasopharynx in patients with two clinical manifestations at the same time.It is recommended to use Epstein Barr virus test and nasopharynx fiberscope for screening nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and adolescents with two clinical manifestations.