精准扶贫信贷对贫困农户家庭消费的影响——基于田野调查的实证分析

The Impact of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Credit on Household Consumption of Poor Farmers——Empirical Analysis Based on Field Investigation

本文基于甘肃省X乡1033个建档立卡户的实地走访数据,运用Logit模型分析农户参与精准扶贫信贷的影响因素,利用PSM匹配法测算贫困地区农户家庭消费的影响效应,并采用Tobit模型检验在消费视角下精准扶贫信贷政策对贫困农户家庭消费的内在机理。研究结果表明,户主年龄、健康状况、家庭规模、耕地面积、家庭总收入以及是否经营养殖业等因素对农户参与扶贫信贷有显著影响;扶贫信贷对贫困农户家庭食品、交通通讯特别是对教育支出有显著影响,分别提升8.1%、19.3%、63.1%;扶贫信贷对优化农户家庭消费结构、促进农户家庭由生存型消费逐渐转向投资型消费具有重要作用。因此,继续贯彻落实"信贷+"相关政策,助力脱贫攻坚,有助于增加农民收入、撬动农村居民消费杠杆和盘活农村消费市场,是全面推进乡村振兴战略的重要内容之一。

Based on the field visit data of 1033 registered households in X township,Gansu province,this paper used the Logit model to analyze the influencing factors of farmers’participation in targeted poverty alleviation credit.PSM matching method was used to measure the impact of household consumption in poor areas,and the Tobit model was used to test the internal mechanism of targeted poverty alleviation credit policy on household consumption from the perspective of consumption.The results show that factors such as the age of the head of household,health status,family size,cultivated land area,total family income,and whether or not to operate the breeding industry have significant effects on the participation of farmers in poverty alleviation credit.The poverty alleviation credit has a significant impact on the family food,transportation,and communication expenditure,especially the education expenditure of poor farmers,increasing by 8.1%,19.3%,and 63.1%respectively.The poverty alleviation credit plays an important role in optimizing the consumption structure of peasant households and promoting the gradual transition from subsistence consumption to investment consumption of peasant households.Therefore,it is an important part of the overall rural revitalization strategy to continue to implement the policy of"credit plus"to help fight poverty,increase farmers’income,leverage the consumption leverage of rural residents,and revitalize the rural consumption market.