超声超分辨率微血流成像研究进展

Research progresses of ultrasound super-resolution microcirculation imaging

由直径小于10μm毛细血管组成的微血管网络是组织稳态的基础,维持人体生理功能正常运行;其结构或功能改变将损害正常器官功能或导致疾病发生。超声超分辨率微血流成像可无创识别微血管,通过定位单个微泡并以亚波长分辨率跟踪其位移而生成微米尺度的血管和速度图,对于诊断和监测疾病发展具有巨大潜力。本文就超声超分辨率微血流成像起源、超声定位显微镜具体操作步骤及其临床前应用进展进行综述。

Microvascular network composed of capillaries less than 10μm in diameter is the basis of tissue homeostasis,maintaining the normal operation of human physiological function,and relative architectural or functional alterations compromise organ function or lead to diseases.Ultrasound super-resolution microcirculation imaging(USRmi)can noninvasively identify microvasculature,produce vascular and velocity maps at the scale of the micrometer through localizing individual single microbubble and tracking of its displacement with a subwavelength resolution with unprecedented spatial resolution beyond the acoustic diffraction limit,hence being a promising approach for diagnosing and monitoring the development of diseases.The origin of USRmi,the general technical aspects of ultrasound localization microscopy and preclinical applications were reviewed in this article.