基于P300的酒精渴求相关脑电特征及溯源研究

Study on the electroencephalogram characteristics and source localization of alcohol craving based on P300 potential

目的探讨酒依赖患者酒精视觉线索反应的事件相关电位(event-related potentials,ERPs)特征及其与主观渴求关系,并寻找渴求相关脑电源活动脑区。方法招募20例男性酒依赖住院患者(酒依赖组)和18名健康男性(对照组)进行含酒精线索的Oddball范式ERPs检测,以标准化低分辨率脑电磁断层扫描方法(standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography,sLORETA)进行ERPs-P300溯源定位。采用视觉模拟标尺(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)、宾夕法尼亚酒精渴求量表(Penn Alcohol Craving Scale,PACS)评估主观渴求程度。2组ERPs数据差异分析采用混合设计方差分析,脑电溯源差异分析采用置换检验,脑电数据与饮酒特征及量表评分之间进行Spearman相关性分析。结果酒依赖组相比对照组在观看酒精线索图片的P300峰潜伏期延长(F=9.32,P=0.004)、Fz、Cz处波幅增高(F=20.59、14.74,均P<0.01),P300溯源分析显示双侧背外侧前额叶、右侧顶上小叶皮质激活增强(P<0.01)。酒依赖组酒精线索图片相比水果图片诱发的P300峰潜伏期延长(F=33.82,P<0.01),Fz、Cz处波幅增高(F=12.56,P=0.001;F=10.92,P=0.002),P300溯源分析显示左侧岛叶、右侧海马旁回皮质激活增强(P<0.01)。酒精线索图片P300波幅与VAS、PACS评分呈正相关(rs=0.590,P=0.048;rs=0.780,P<0.01)。结论视觉酒精线索诱发的ERPs可能有助于客观评估酒依赖患者渴求相关心理,双侧背外侧前额叶、右侧顶上小叶、左侧岛叶、右侧海马旁回脑区可能与酒精渴求有关。

Objective This study aims to explore the event-related potentials(ERPs)response to alcohol visual cues and their correlations with subjective craving in patients with alcohol dependence(AD)and to search for brain source regions associated with alcohol craving.Methods Twenty male inpatients with AD were recruited as alcohol-dependent group and 18 healthy men as the control group.ERPs evoked by visual Oddball paradigm containing alcohol cues were tested in both groups and standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography(sLORETA)was used for brain source localization of ERPs-P300.Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)and Penn Alcohol Craving Scale(PACS)were used for subjective craving assessment.Difference analysis of ERPs data in two groups was performed by mixed-design analysis of variance.The permutation test was used to analyze the difference between two groups of brain source localization.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted between ERPs data,drinking habits,and scale data.Results Compared with the control group,the alcohol-dependent group showed significantly longer P300 peak latency(F=9.32,P=0.004)and higher P300 amplitude(F=20.59,P<0.01;F=14.74,P<0.01)of Fz/Cz when viewing alcohol cues images,and P300 brain source regions were significantly more active in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right superior parietal lobule(P<0.01).In the alcohol-dependent group,alcohol cues images evoked significantly longer P300 peak latency(F=33.82,P<0.01)and higher P300 amplitude(F=12.56,P=0.001;F=10.92,P=0.002)of Fz/Cz than fruit images,and P300 brain source regions were significantly more active in the left insular cortex and right parahippocampal gyrus(P<0.01).The P300 amplitude evoked by alcohol cues was positively correlated with VAS and PACS scores(rs=0.590,P=0.048;rs=0.780,P<0.01).Conclusion ERPs evoked by visual alcohol cues may help to objectively evaluate craving-related psychology in patients with AD.The bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,right inferior parietal lobule,left insular cortex,and right parahippocampal gyrus may be related to alcohol craving.