类型学视角下的英语“名词+复杂修饰语”结构翻译探析

On the Translation of English“N+CM”Structures from the Perspective of Typology

认为英汉复杂修饰语表现为"N+CM"(后置)对"CM+N"(前置)对立性语序差别,这并不符合英汉语言的客观事实。英汉CM之间存在"N+CM"对应、优势性质对等关系和"CM+N"对应、劣势性质对等关系。英语的"N+CM"汉译时,应采用"N+CM"译法,同等情况下这可确保译文在句法-语义功能、语用-语篇功能、韵律特征、主观性程度方面最大程度地等值于原文,本文将其称为"‘N+CM’对应?最佳功能对等"翻译策略。惯常的"CM+N"语序译法属于翻译语言之误导,其功能对等效果不理想。研究表明,类型学的相关理论/原则应用于指导英语"N+CM"结构的翻译及其功能对等效果分析是可行的。

That there exists opposite order difference of postpositional complex modifier(N+CM)vs prepositional complex modifier(CM+N)does not accord with the linguistic facts of English and Chinese."N+CM"correspondence and"N+CM"equivalence are dominant,while"CM+N"correspondence and"CM+N"equivalence are recessive between E-C CM.When translating English"N+CM",a corresponding order approach(COA)should be employed.All other things being equal,COA can maintain Chinese version equivalent,faithful to the greatest extent in the aspects of syntactic-semantic function,pragmatic-discourse function,prosody feature,and subjectivity degree to English"N+CM".Hence the"‘N+CM’Correspondence?Best Functional Equivalence"translation strategy.The commonly accepted"CM+N"order approach is misleading translationese,resulting in no functional equivalence.This study shows that the theories/principles of linguistic typology can be applied to guide the translation of English"N+CM"structures and the functional equivalence is obtainable.