社会符号学视域下庭审话语中名物化的语义模糊及其消解

Semantic Fuzziness of Nominalization in Courtroom Discourse and Its Elimination:A Sociosemiotic Perspective

庭审话语中的名物化既能增强话语的专业性、正式性和简洁性,也会使话语具有抽象性、浓缩性、概括性和多义性,从而导致语义模糊,增加理解难度。对缺少法律专业知识的普通大众而言,除了要面对不熟悉的法律制度、法律知识,以及法律术语背后的法律程序外,还要承受语义模糊带来的理解阻力,影响他们公平享受法律的权利。从社会符号学的角度看,名物化引起的语义模糊有碍法律语义的生成,应结合语境进行模糊消解,凸显语言在解决与语言有关问题时的适用性和社会责任。因此,在庭审过程中,法官、公诉人等法律人有必要根据当事人的具体情况,采取语义解包、语境化和大众化等话语策略,消除名物化引起的语义模糊,以确保案件的公正审理,保障当事人的合法权益,维护司法公正。

Nominalization in courtroom discourse can enhance the professionalism,formality and simplicity of the discourse and meanwhile render semantic fuzziness due to its abstraction,condensation,generality and polysemy,thus increasing the difficulty of understanding.For the general public who are lacking in professional knowledge of law,they may not only have difficulty in getting familiar with the legal system,legal knowledge and legal procedures underlying legal terms,but also suffer from understanding obstruction rendered by such semantic fuzziness,which may in turn impair their fair access to the law.In light of social semiotic,the semantic fuzziness caused by nominalization is postulated to hinder semantic generation and thus be tackled in the context to highlight the appliability and social accountability of language in solving language-related problems.Therefore,it is imperative for legal workers,e.g.judges,prosecutors,to adopt appropriate discursive strategies,such as semantic unpacking,contextualization and popularization in accordance with the specific conditions of general public,to ensure fair trial of cases,guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of the disadvantaged parties,and then safeguard judicial justice.