动物脾脏发育研究进展

Research Progress on The Development of Animal Spleen

脾脏是动物体内重要的免疫器官,具有复杂的内部结构,在特异性免疫和非特异性免疫过程中都发挥着不可或缺的作用。由于以前对脾脏功能认识不全面,相对于机体其他器官,脾脏的研究有一定的滞后性。该文从脾脏的组织学结构出发,简要阐述了脾脏的免疫和屏障两大主要功能,总结了当前牛、羊、猪等家畜的脾脏发育生理相关研究,重点介绍了脾脏发育关键基因NKX2-3、NKX3-2、Pbx1、Tlx1和Wt1的作用机制和最新研究进展,以期为家畜抗病育种提供科学的参考资料。

Spleen is an important immune organ in animals,which has a complex internal structure and plays an indispensable role in both specific and non-specific immunity.Due to the incomplete understanding of spleen function in the past,the study of spleen relative to other organs of the body has lagged behind.Based on the histological structure of spleen,this paper summarizes the specific physiological structure of spleen,and briefly expounds the two main functions of spleen immunity and barrier.At the same time,current studies on spleen development physiology of cattle,sheep,pigs and other livestock are summarized,with emphasis on the specific mechanism and latest research progress of spleen development genes NKX2-3,NKX3-2,Pbx1,Tlx1 and Wt1,in order to provide scientific reference for disease resistance breeding of livestock.