国内城市生活垃圾分类政策执行经验及其启示

Implementation Experience and Enlightenment of Domestic Municipal Solid Waste Classification Policy

由于城市生活垃圾总量成倍增加,围绕生活垃圾分类展开的治理实践成为城市治理的重大议题。广州通过完善垃圾分类立法、探索垃圾收集模式、提升垃圾处置技术来缓解生活垃圾带来的负面环境问题;上海通过构建政策法规体系、探索政策执行机制、开展宣传教育来提升生活垃圾“三增一减”成效。借鉴广州、上海的治理经验,从制度建设、模式探索、技术创新、设施配套、宣传教育等方面着手构建因地制宜的生活垃圾分类政策执行体系。

Since the total amount of urban domestic waste has doubled,the treatment practice around the classification of domestic waste has become a major issue of urban governance.Guangzhou government improved waste classification legislation,explored waste collection models,and improved waste disposal technologies to alleviate the negative environmental problems caused by domestic waste.Shanghai government improved the effectiveness of the“three increases and one reduction”of domestic waste by building a system of policies and regulations,exploring policy implementation mechanisms,and conducting publicity and education.Drawing lessons from the governance experience of Guangzhou and Shanghai,starting from the aspects of system construction,model exploration,technological innovation,complete facilities,publicity and education,etc.,we set out to build a policy implementation system for domestic waste classification tailored to local conditions.