数据要素:倍增效应与人均产出影响——基于数据要素流动环境的视角

Data Elements:Multiplier Effect and Per Capital Output——From the Perspective of Data Elements Flow Environment

本文使用2012-2018年中国30个省(直辖市)的面板数据,通过构建“数据要素流动环境指数”和绿色全要素生产率,并以NPP/VIIRS夜间灯光数据为工具变量,从理论和实证两个维度论证了数据要素的倍增效应和数据要素对人均产出的影响。研究发现,数据要素对其他要素生产率的提升存在“倍增效应”,其表现形式为数据要素通过与其他要素(主要是劳动力和资本)的非线性协同作用,促使全要素生产率实现几何增长;数据要素对人均产出带来正向的促进作用,且该作用不因区位的差异而消失;通过促进全要素生产率实现人均产出增长是数据要素影响人均产出的传导机制。本文的政策启示是,各地应该加大重视数据作为生产要素的关键作用和抢抓“新基建”机遇,通过大力推动经济社会数字化转型来加速释放“数字红利”,最终实现区位劣势地区的跨越式发展和中国经济的高质量发展。

This paper uses the panel data of 30 provinces(municipalities)in China from 2012 to 2018,constructs the“data factor flow environment index”and green total factor productivity,and uses NPP/VIIRS night light data as the tool variable to demonstrate the multiplier effect of da ta factor and the impact of data factor on per capita output from both theoretical and empirical dimensions.It is found that the data there is a“multiplier effect”of data factor on the productivity of other factors,which takes the form of a non-linear synergy of data factor with other factors(mainly labour and capital),leading to a geometric increase in total factor productivity;a positive contribution of data factor to output per capita,which does not disappear due to The positive contribution of the data factor to output per capita does not disappear due to differences in location;the growth of output per capita through the promotion of total factor productivity is the transmission mechanism through which the data factor affects output per capita.The policy implication of this paper is that regions should pay more attention to the key role of data as a factor of production and seize the opportunity of the“new infrastructure”to accelerate the release of the“digital dividend”by vigorously promoting the digital transformation of the economy and society,so as to ultimately achieve leapfrog development in regions with disadvantaged location and high-quality development of the Chinese economy.This will ultimately lead to leapfrog development in disadvantaged regions and high-quality development of the Chinese economy.